{"id":7966,"date":"2021-08-03T13:47:21","date_gmt":"2021-08-03T05:47:21","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.leadingtec.cn\/?p=7966"},"modified":"2021-08-07T08:58:56","modified_gmt":"2021-08-07T00:58:56","slug":"protozoa-diflagellate-phylum","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.leadingtec.cn\/protozoa-diflagellate-phylum.html","title":{"rendered":"\u539f\u751f\u751f\u7269\u754c\u2014\u53cc\u97ad\u6bdb\u866b\u95e8"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u539f\u751f\u751f\u7269\u754c\u2014\u53cc\u97ad\u6bdb\u866b\u95e8<\/span><\/p>\n

\u53cc\u97ad\u6bdb\u866b\u95e8\uff08Dinoflagellata\uff09\u8fc7\u53bb\u7b97\u4f5c\u85fb\u7c7b\u690d\u7269\u7684\u4e00\u95e8\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u88ab\u5206\u7c7b\u4e3a\u56ca\u6ce1\u85fb\u754c\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u95e8\u3002\u7ea61000\u79cd\u3002\u5206\u5e03\u4e8e\u6c60\u5858\u3001\u6e56\u6cca\u548c\u6d77\u6d0b\u4e2d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e5f\u6709\u79f0\u4f5c\u201c\u7532\u85fb\u95e8\u201d\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u751f\u7269\u7269\u79cd\u540d\u5f55\u300b2011\u7248\uff0c\u5728\u53cc\u97ad\u6bdb\u866b\u95e8\u4e4b\u4e0b\u8bbe\u6709\u7532\u85fb\u7eb2\u3002Dinoflagellata\u662f\u65cb(\u5e0c\u814a\u8bed\u7684 \u03b4\u1fd6\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 dinos)+\u97ad\u6bdb\u866b(flagellate)\u4e4b\u610f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7531\u4e8e\u8be5\u95e8\u7684\u79cd\u7c7b\u6709\u4e00\u534a\u4e3a\u81ea\u8425\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u534a\u4e3a\u5f02\u8425\u3002\u4e5f\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u7269\u79cd\u662f\u6df7\u5408\u8425\u517b\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u957f\u671f\u4ee5\u6765\u690d\u7269\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e0e\u52a8\u7269\u5b66\u5bb6\u628a\u8be5\u95e8\u5212\u5165\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u7532\u85fb\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u53cc\u97ad\u6bdb\u866b\u201d\u3002\u690d\u7269\u5b66\u5bb6\u628a\u5b83\u4eec\u89c6\u4f5c\u4e00\u5927\u7c7b\u7684\u85fb\u7c7b\uff0c\u547d\u540d\u4e3aPyrrophyta\u6216Pyrrhophyta\uff0c\u610f\u4e3a”fire algae”\uff0c\u5176\u4e2dpyrr(h)os\u662f\u5e0c\u814a\u8bed\u7684\u201c\u706b\u201d\u4e4b\u610f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u53cc\u97ad\u6bdb\u866b(\u7532\u85fb)\u5177\u6709\u5f88\u9ad8\u7684\u5f62\u6001\u591a\u6837\u6027\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u4e3a\u5355\u7ec6\u80de\u3001\u53cc\u97ad\u6bdb\u3002\u5176\u67d3\u8272\u4f53\u672a\u7ed3\u5408\u7ec4\u86cb\u767d\uff0c\u9996\u5c3e\u76f8\u63a5\u6210\u73af\u72b6\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u539f\u6838\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u4ecb\u6838\u751f\u7269\uff08mesokaryto\uff09\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5177\u6709\u4ece\u65e0\u56ca\u6ce1\u53d8\u5316\u4e3a\u6709\u56ca\u6ce1\u7684\u5f62\u6001\uff0c\u518d\u73b0\u5176\u8fdb\u5316\u5386\u53f2\u975e\u5e38\u56f0\u96be\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7532\u85fb\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u521d\u7ea7\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\uff0c\u5728\u6c34\u751f\u751f\u7269\u94fe\u4e2d\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u89d2\u8272\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u866b\u9ec4\u85fb\uff08zooxanthella\uff09\u5185\u5171\u751f\u4e8e\u6d77\u6d0b\u65e0\u810a\u690e\u52a8\u7269\uff0c\u5728\u73ca\u745a\u7901\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u4e2d\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u5176\u5b83\u7684\u53cc\u97ad\u6bdb\u866b\u662f\u65e0\u8272\u7684\u539f\u751f\u751f\u7269\u7684\u63a0\u98df\u8005\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u662f\u5bc4\u751f\u751f\u6d3b(\u4f8b\u5982\u4e1d\u7ed2\u75c5\uff08Oodinium\uff09\uff0c\u6709\u5bb3\u8d39\u6c0f\u85fb\uff08Pfiesteria\uff09\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u53cc\u97ad\u6bdb\u95e8\u76ee\u524d\u5df2\u77e5\u5927\u7ea6\u67091,555\u4e2a\u7269\u79cd\u662f\u6d77\u6d0b\u81ea\u7531\u751f\u6d3b\u3002\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f30\u8ba1\u662f\u603b\u5171\u67092000\u4e2a\u7269\u79cd\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d1700\u4e2a\u662f\u6d77\u6d0b\u7269\u79cd\uff0c\u5176\u5b83220\u662f\u6de1\u6c34\u751f\u6d3b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7532\u85fb\u662f\u4e3b\u8981\u8d64\u6f6e\u79cd\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d120\u591a\u79cd\u80fd\u5f62\u6210\u8d64\u6f6e\uff0c60\u591a\u79cd\u4e3a\u6709\u6bd2\u79cd\u7c7b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\u539f\u751f\u751f\u7269\u754c-\u53cc\u97ad\u6bdb\u866b\u95e8Protozoa-diflagellate<\/a>
\u539f\u751f\u751f\u7269\u754c-\u53cc\u97ad\u6bdb\u866b\u95e8Protozoa-diflagellate phylum<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

1.\u7279\u5f81<\/span><\/p>\n

\u751f\u7269\u4e2a\u4f53\u591a\u4e3a\u5355\u7ec6\u80de\uff0c\u5c11\u6570\u662f\u7403\u80de\u578b\u6216\u4e1d\u72b6\u4f53\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u690d\u7269\u4f53\u7565\u6210\u7403\u5f62\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u662f\u9ec4\u7eff\u8272\u6216\u9ec4\u8910\u8272\u3002\u8f7d\u8272\u4f53\u4e3a\u91d1\u8910\u8272\uff0c\u542b\u6709\u53f6\u7eff\u7d20\u548c\u591a\u79cd\u7c7b\u80e1\u841d\u535c\u7d20\uff0c\u5c11\u6570\u79cd\u7c7b\u65e0\u8272\uff0c\u8150\u751f\u6216\u5bc4\u751f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u53cc\u97ad\u6bdb\u866b\u7c7b\u7ec6\u80de\u58c1\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u7531\u7ea4\u7ef4\u7d20\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u58c1\u4e0a\u6709\u82b1\u7eb9\uff0c\u5c11\u6570\u79cd\u7c7b\u65e0\u7ec6\u80de\u58c1\u3002\u591a\u6570\u79cd\u7c7b\u5177\u6709\u7eb5\u6c9f\u6216\u7eb5\u3001\u6a2a\u6c9f\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7532\u85fb\u95e8\u5206\u4e3a\u6a2a\u88c2\u7532\u85fb\u7eb2\u548c\u7eb5\u88c2\u7532\u85fb\u7eb2\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e3b\u8981\u4ee5\u7ec6\u80de\u5206\u88c2\u548c\u4ea7\u751f\u5b62\u5b50\u8fdb\u884c\u7e41\u6b96\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

2.\u5206\u7c7b<\/span><\/p>\n

1753\u5e74\uff0c\u53cc\u97ad\u6bdb\u866b\u9996\u6b21\u88abHenryBaker\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e3a\u201c\u4f7f\u6d77\u6c34\u53d8\u4e3a\u7ea2\u8272\u7684\u5fae\u52a8\u7269\u201d\uff0c1773\u5e74\u7531Otto Friedrich M\u00fcller\u547d\u540d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

1830\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u5bb6C.G.Ehrenberg\u7814\u7a76\u4e86\u51e0\u79cd\u6c34\u4e0e\u6d6e\u6e38\u751f\u7269\u6837\u672c\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u51e0\u4e2a\u7532\u85fb\u7684\u201c\u5c5e\u201d\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u6cbf\u7528\u81f3\u4eca\uff0c\u5982\uff1aPeridinium\u3001Prorocentrum\u4e0eDinophysis\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7532\u85fb\u6709\u7532\u85fb\u6838(dinokaryon)\uff0c\u88ab\u5206\u7c7b\u4e3a\u7532\u85fb\u7eb2(Dinokaryota)\uff0c\u4e0d\u5177\u6709\u7532\u85fb\u6838\u7684\u88ab\u5206\u7c7b\u4e3a\u5171\u7532\u85fb\u7eb2(Syndiniales).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7532\u85fb\u867d\u7136\u662f\u771f\u6838\u751f\u7269\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u7684\u7ec6\u80de\u6838\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u5178\u578b\u7684\u771f\u6838\u751f\u7269\u7ec6\u80de\u6838\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u7f3a\u5c11\u7ec4\u86cb\u767d, \u6838\u5c0f\u4f53\u4e14\u5728\u6709\u4e1d\u5206\u88c2\u65f6\u4fdd\u6301\u6d53\u7f29\u67d3\u8272\u4f53\u3002Dodge (1966)\u79f0\u7532\u85fb\u6838\u4e3a\u4ecb\u6838\uff08mesokaryotic\uff09\uff0c\u5373\u5904\u4e8e\u7ec6\u83cc\u4e0e\u771f\u6838\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u4f46\u7532\u85fb\u7ec6\u80de\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u771f\u6838\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u5178\u578b\u7ec6\u80de\u5668\uff0c\u5982\u9ad8\u5c14\u57fa\u4f53\uff0c\u7ebf\u7c92\u4f53\u3001\u53f6\u7eff\u4f53\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

Jakob Schiller(1931\u20131937)\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6d77\u751f\u4e0e\u6de1\u6c34\u7269\u79cd\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002Alain Sournia (1973, 1978, 1982, 1990, 1993)\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u5206\u7c7b\u3002Sournia(1986)\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u6d77\u751f\u7269\u79cd\u7684\u56fe\u793a\uff0c\u6700\u65b0\u5206\u7c7b\u7531Gomez\u7ed9\u51fa\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7eb5\u88c2\u7532\u85fb\u7eb2\uff08Desmophyceae\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n

\u539f\u7532\u85fb\u76ee\uff08Prorocentrales\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6a2a\u88c2\u7532\u85fb\u7eb2\uff08Dinophyceae\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n

\u591a\u7532\u85fb\u76ee\uff08Peridi-niales\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n

\u53d8\u5f62\u7532\u85fb\u76ee\uff08Dinamoebidiales\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n

\u80f6\u7532\u85fb\u76ee\uff08Gloeodiniales\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7403\u7532\u85fb\u76ee\uff08Dinococcales\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e1d\u7532\u85fb\u76ee\uff08Dinotrichales\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n

\u591c\u5149\u85fb\u7eb2\uff08Noctiluciphyceae\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5171\u7532\u85fb\u7eb2\uff08Syndiniophyceae\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n

3.\u5f62\u6001<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7532\u85fb\u662f\u5355\u7ec6\u80de\uff0c\u5177\u67091-3\u6839\u97ad\u6bdb\u3002\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u4e24\u6839\u97ad\u6bdb\uff1a\u4e00\u6839\u5411\u540e\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a\u957f\u97ad\u6bdb\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u6839\u97ad\u6bdb\u4fa7\u751f\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a\u4fa7\u751f\u6bdb. \u97ad\u6bdb\u4ece\u7ec6\u80de\u5916\u58c1\u7684\u97ad\u6bdb\u5b54\u4e2d\u51fa\u9732\u3002\u4fa7\u751f\u97ad\u6bdb\u50cf\u4e00\u6761\u5e26\u5b50\u5e76\u87ba\u65cb\u6325\u821e\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u63a8\u8fdb\u529b\u3002\u957f\u97ad\u6bdb\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8235\uff0c\u4e5f\u63d0\u4f9b\u5c11\u91cf\u63a8\u8fdb\u529b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7532\u85fb\u7684\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7ec6\u80de\u5916\u58f3\u79f0\u4e3aamphiesma,\u7531\u6241\u5e73\u7684\u56ca\u6ce1\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3aalveoli\u3002\u5e26\u786c\u58f3\u7684\u7532\u85fb\u662f\u7531\u7ea4\u7ef4\u7d20\u677f\u7247\u6784\u6210\u5176\u5916\u58f3\u3002\u5916\u58f3\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u5f62\u72b6\u4e0e\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u7269\u79cd\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u53d1\u80b2\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u4f20\u7edf\u4e0a\uff0c\u79f0\u677f\u7247\u7684\u5f62\u6001\u6784\u9020\u548c\u7ec4\u5408\u60c5\u51b5\u79f0\u4e3a”tabulation”. \u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u516d\u79cd\uff1a: gymnodinoid,suessoid, gonyaulacoid-peridinioid, nannoceratopsioid, dinophysioid andprorocentroid.\u7ea4\u7ef4\u6392\u51fa\u5c0f\u4f53\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u90fd\u5b58\u5728.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4ece\u4e8b\u5149\u5408\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u7532\u85fb\u7684\u53f6\u7eff\u4f53\u67093\u5c42\u819c\uff0c\u63d0\u793a\u7532\u85fb\u5728\u8fdb\u5316\u53f2\u4e0a\u662f\u541e\u5403\u4e86\u67d0\u4e9b\u85fb\u7c7b\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u5149\u5408\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u5305\u542b\u53f6\u7eff\u7d20a \u4e0ec2\uff0c\u03b2-\u80e1\u841d\u535c\u7d20\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u53f6\u9ec4\u7d20\u7c7b\u662f\u7532\u85fb\u6240\u72ec\u6709\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u591a\u7532\u85fb\u7d20\uff08peridinin\uff09\u3001\u7532\u85fb\u9ec4\u7d20\uff08dinoxanthin\uff09\u3001\u7845\u7532\u85fb\u9ec4\u7d20\uff08diadinoxanthin\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8272\u7d20\u4f7f\u7532\u85fb\u5177\u6709\u5178\u578b\u7684\u91d1\u8910\u8272\u3002\u4f46\u67d0\u4e9b\u7532\u85fb\u901a\u8fc7\u5185\u5171\u751f\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u5176\u5b83\u8272\u7d20\uff0c\u5ca9\u85fb\u9ec4\u7d20\uff08fucoxanthin\uff09\u3002\u9876\u590d\u95e8\u7ec6\u80de\u4e2d\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u8272\u7d20\u4f53\uff0c\u63d0\u793a\u4e0e\u7532\u85fb\u6709\u5171\u540c\u7956\u5148\u3002\u7532\u85fb\u7ec6\u80de\u6709\u66f4\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u80de\u5668\u5982\u7c97\u9762\u4e0e\u6ed1\u9762\u5185\u8d28\u7f51\uff0c\u9ad8\u5c14\u57fa\u4f53\uff0c\u7ebf\u7c92\u4f53\uff0c\u8102\u7c92\u4e0e\u6dc0\u7c89\u7c92\uff0c\u98df\u7269\u6ce1\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u7532\u85fb\u751a\u81f3\u6709\u5149\u654f\u80de\u5668\u2014\u2014\u773c\u70b9\u6216\u773c\u6591\u6216\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u5e26\u6709\u6838\u4ec1\u7684\u6838\u3002\u4e00\u79cd\u53eb\u505aErythropsidium\u7684\u7532\u85fb\u5177\u6709\u6700\u5c0f\u7684\u773c\u775b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u67d0\u4e9b\u7269\u79cd\u6709\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u7845\u8d28\u9aa8\u67b6\u7ec4\u6210\u4e24\u4e2a\u661f\u5f62\uff0c\u5176\u529f\u80fd\u672a\u77e5\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u5fae\u5316\u77f3\u4e2d\u53d1\u73b0\u3002Tappan\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u7532\u85fb\u5185\u9aa8\u67b6\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7efc\u8ff0\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Erythropsidium\"<\/a>
Erythropsidium<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

4.\u5185\u5171\u751f<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u866b\u9ec4\u85fb\u5c5e\u4e8e\u7532\u85fb\u8303\u7574\u3002\u7532\u85fb\u4e0e\u73ca\u745a\u866b\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u5bc6\u5207\u3002\u7532\u85fb\u5185\u5171\u751f\u4e8e\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u65e0\u810a\u690e\u52a8\u7269\u6216\u8005\u539f\u751f\u751f\u7269\u5185\u90e8\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6d77\u8475\uff0c\u6c34\u6bcd\uff0c\u88f8\u9cc3\u7c7b\uff0c\u6709\u5de8\u578b\u8d1d\u58f3\u7684\u7817\u78f2\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u653e\u5c04\u866b\u4e0e\u6709\u5b54\u866b\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u73b0\u5b58\u7532\u85fb\u662f\u5bc4\u751f\u7684(\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u662f\u4ece\u730e\u7269\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u5403\u6389\u5b83\uff0c\u5373\u5185\u5bc4\u751f\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u9644\u7740\u5728\u5176\u730e\u7269\u8eab\u4e0a\u5f88\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5373\u5916\u5bc4\u751f)\u3002\u88ab\u5bc4\u751f\u7684\u5bbf\u4e3b\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u52a8\u7269\u6216\u8005\u539f\u751f\u751f\u7269\u3002Protoodinium, Crepidoodinium, Piscinoodinium \u4ee5\u53caBlastodinium\u4fdd\u7559\u4e86\u8272\u7d20\u4f53\u540c\u65f6\u5bc4\u751f\u4e8e\u9c7c\u7c7b\u6216\u6d6e\u6e38\u52a8\u7269\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7532\u85fb\u51fa\u73b0\u4e8e\u6240\u6709\u6c34\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6d77\u6d0b\u3001\u76d0\u6cbc\u3001\u6de1\u6c34\u3001\u5305\u62ec\u96ea\u548c\u51b0\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7532\u85fb\u5305\u62ec\u81ea\u517b\uff0c\u541e\u566c\uff0c\u5171\u751f\u3001\u5bc4\u751f\u7b49\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u6709\u5149\u5408\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u81ea\u517b\u7532\u85fb\u5927\u7ea6\u5360\u4e86\u4e00\u534a\u7684\u7269\u79cd\u3002\u5b8c\u5168\u81ea\u517b\u7684\u7269\u79cd\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u7f55\u89c1\u7684\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u7269\u79cd\u662f\u6df7\u5408\u8425\u517b\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u5982Protoperidinium\u662f\u5bc4\u751f\u517c\u5149\u5408\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u98df\u7269\u5305\u62ec\u7ec6\u83cc\u3001\u84dd\u7eff\u85fb\u3001\u5c0f\u578b\u7532\u85fb\uff0c\u7845\u85fb\uff0c\u7ea4\u6bdb\u866b\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u7532\u85fb\u3002\u6355\u98df\u4e0e\u6444\u53d6\u7684\u673a\u5236\u975e\u5e38\u591a\u6837\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u7532\u85fb\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6709\u9798\u7684\u4e0e\u65e0\u9798\u7684\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u901a\u8fc7\u97ad\u6bdb\u6446\u52a8\u5236\u9020\u7684\u6c34\u6d41\u6216\u8005\u901a\u8fc7\u4f2a\u8db3\u53d8\u5f62\uff0c\u5438\u5f15\u730e\u7269\u5230\u80de\u53e3\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u541e\u566c\u3002Protoperidinium conicum\u4f38\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u578b\u8fdb\u98df\u7ba1\u63d2\u5165\u730e\u7269\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7ec6\u80de\u5916\u6d88\u5316\u6389\u730e\u7269\u3002Katodinium (Gymnodinium) fungiforme\uff0c\u5e38\u88ab\u53d1\u73b0\u6c61\u67d3\u4e86\u85fb\u7c7b\u4e0e\u7ea4\u6bdb\u866b\u57f9\u517b\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u9644\u7740\u5728\u5b83\u7684\u730e\u7269\u4e0a\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u7684\u67c4\u6444\u5165\u730e\u7269\u7684\u7ec6\u80de\u8d28\u3002\u6d77\u751f\u7532\u85fb\u7684\u6355\u98df\u673a\u5236\u8fd8\u6240\u77e5\u6781\u5c11\uff0c\u4f46\u5728Podolampas bipes\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u4e86\u4f2a\u8db3\u6269\u5c55\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

5.\u751f\u547d\u671f\u5faa\u73af<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7532\u85fb\u5177\u6709\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u7ec6\u80de\u6838\uff0c\u79f0\u4f5c\u7532\u85fb\u6838(dinokaryon)\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u67d3\u8272\u4f53\u9644\u7740\u5728\u6838\u819c\u4e0a\u3002\u7f3a\u5c11\u7ec4\u86cb\u767d\u3001\u5728\u5206\u88c2\u95f4\u671f\u4fdd\u6301\u7f29\u805a\u7684\u87ba\u65cb\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u6709\u4e1d\u5206\u88c2\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u5916\u90e8\u7684\u7ec6\u80de\u8d28\u7eba\u9524\u4f53\u4e14\u6838\u819c\u6838\u4ec1\u4e0d\u6d88\u5931\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6838\u66fe\u7ecf\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u539f\u6838\u751f\u7269\u4e0e\u771f\u6838\u751f\u7269\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u6001\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u4ecb\u6838\u201d(mesokaryotic)\uff0c\u4f46\u73b0\u5728\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9ad8\u7ea7\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u539f\u59cb\u7684\u98ce\u683c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7532\u85fb\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u751f\u547d\u671f\u901a\u5e38\u662fdikaryotic\u3002\u7532\u85fb\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u5355\u500d\u4f53\uff0c\u590d\u5236\u4e3b\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u4e8c\u5206\u88c2\uff0c\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u6709\u6027\u590d\u5236\u3002\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e2a\u4f53\u878d\u5408\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5408\u5b50\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u7532\u85fb\u51fa\u5b62\u56ca\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u51cf\u6570\u5206\u88c2\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u500d\u4f53\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5f53\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5229\u65f6\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u8425\u517b\u8017\u5c3d\u6216\u8005\u4e0d\u5145\u5206\u7684\u5149\u7167\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u7532\u85fb\u6781\u5927\u5730\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u751f\u547d\u671f\u5faa\u73af\u3002\u4e24\u4e2a\u7532\u85fb\u7ec6\u80de\u878d\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6e38\u52a8\u5408\u5b50\u3002\u7136\u540e\u8f6c\u5165\u4f11\u7720\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a\u4f11\u7720\u5408\u5b50\u3002\u5916\u90e8\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u786c\u58f3\u3002\u5f53\u73af\u5883\u5141\u8bb8\uff0c\u5219\u7834\u58f3\u800c\u51fa\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u6b63\u5e38\u5f62\u6001\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

6.\u6709\u5bb3\u7684\u85fb\u7c7b\u66b4\u53d1<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7532\u85fb\u6709\u65f6\u5f62\u6210\u66b4\u53d1\uff0c\u6d53\u5ea6\u8d85\u8fc7100\u4e07\u4e2a\u7ec6\u80de\u6bcf\u6beb\u5347\uff0c\u91ca\u653e\u51fa\u5927\u91cf\u6bd2\u7d20\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u7ea2\u6f6e, \u6839\u636e\u5176\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u6c34\u7684\u989c\u8272\u547d\u540d\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u65e0\u8272\u7684\u7532\u85fb\u4e5f\u4f1a\u66b4\u53d1\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u6bd2\u6f6e\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6709\u5bb3\u8d39\u6c0f\u85fb(Pfiesteria)\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u7532\u85fb\u66b4\u53d1\u5e76\u4e0d\u5371\u9669\u3002\u591c\u95f4\u770b\u5230\u7684\u6d77\u6c34\u7684\u84dd\u8272\u95ea\u5149\u662f\u7532\u85fb\u66b4\u53d1\u65f6\uff0c\u53d7\u5230\u6270\u52a8\u65f6\u7684\u751f\u7269\u53d1\u5149\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8d64\u6f6e\u5bf9\u8d1d\u7c7b\u7684\u5f71\u54cd,\u5982\u86e4\u868c\u6bd2\u7d20\uff08saxitoxin\uff09\uff0c\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u762b\u75ea\u3002\u85fb\u7c7b\u66b4\u53d1\u5bf9\u751f\u6001\u7834\u574f\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\"saxitoxin\"<\/a>
saxitoxin<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

7.\u751f\u7269\u53d1\u5149<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u591c\u95f4\uff0c\u6d77\u6c34\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u95ea\u5149\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u7532\u85fb\u7684\u53d1\u5149\u3002\u8d85\u8fc718\u79cd\u7532\u85fb\u80fd\u751f\u7269\u53d1\u5149\uff0c\u591a\u6570(\u5305\u62ecGonyaulax)\u53d1\u51fa\u84dd\u7eff\u5149\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5f53\u53d7\u5230\u529b\u5b66\u523a\u6fc0\u2014\u7a7f\u3001\u6e38\u6cf3\u3001\u6ce2\u6d6a\u2014\u2014\u6d77\u9762\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u51fa\u84dd\u8272\u95ea\u5149\u3002\u8367\u5149\u7d20-\u8367\u5149\u7d20\u9176\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u662fpH\u654f\u611f\u7684\u3002\u5f53pH\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u8367\u5149\u7d20\u9176\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u5f62\u72b6\uff0c\u8367\u5149\u7d20\uff08\u4e00\u79cd\u56db\u5421\u54af\uff09\u88ab\u7ed1\u5b9a\u3002\u7532\u85fb\u4f7f\u7528\u751f\u7269\u53d1\u5149\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u9632\u5fa1\u673a\u5236\u3002\u95ea\u5149\u80fd\u9707\u6151\u6355\u730e\u8005\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u7532\u85fb\u80fd\u907f\u5f00\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u6355\u730e\u8005\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u201c\u9632\u76d7\u8b66\u62a5\u201d\u4fe1\u53f7\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u751f\u7269\u53d1\u5149\u7684\u7532\u85fb\u7684\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u8106\u5f31\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

8.\u8fdb\u5316\u5386\u53f2<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7532\u85fb\u5316\u77f3\u6700\u65e9\u51fa\u73b0\u4e8e\u4e09\u53e0\u7eaa\u4e2d\u671f,\u540c\u65f6\u5730\u7403\u5316\u5b66\u6807\u8bb0\u63d0\u793a\u65e9\u5bd2\u6b66\u7eaa\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6700\u4ee4\u4eba\u5403\u60ca\u7684\u662f\u7532\u85fb\u7ec6\u80deDNA\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u3002\u5927\u591a\u6570\u771f\u6838\u85fb\u7c7b\u5e73\u5747\u5305\u542b0.54 pg DNA\/\u7ec6\u80de, \u800c\u7532\u85fb\u4f30\u8ba1DNA\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4e3a3\u2013250 pg\/\u7ec6\u80de, \u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u7ea63000\u2013215 000 Mb\uff08\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5bf9\u7167, \u5355\u500d\u4f53\u4eba\u7684\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u662f3180 Mb \u5355\u500d\u4f53\u5c0f\u9ea6\u662f16 000 Mb\uff09\u3002\u591a\u500d\u6027\u6216\u8005\u591a\u7ebf\u6027\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u7ec6\u80deDNA\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u4f46DNA\u518d\u805a\u96c6\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u8fd9\u4e00\u7406\u8bba\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u9664\u4e86\u4e0d\u6210\u6bd4\u4f8b\u7684\u5e9e\u5927\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\uff0c\u7532\u85fb\u7ec6\u80de\u6838\u5728\u5f62\u6001\u3001\u8c03\u8282\u3001\u7ec4\u6210\u4e0a\u4e5f\u662f\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7532\u85fb\u4e0e\u5176\u8fd1\u4eb2\uff0c\u9876\u590d\u95e8\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u5bfb\u5e38\u7684\u975e\u5e38\u7cbe\u7b80\u7684\u7ebf\u7c92\u4f53\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u3002\u9876\u590d\u95e8\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u7ebf\u7c92\u4f53\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u53ea\u6709\u5927\u7ea66Kb\u3002\u7532\u85fb\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u91cd\u7ec4\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u653e\u5927\u3001\u91cd\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u6bcf\u4e2a\u57fa\u56e0\u6216\u57fa\u56e0\u7247\u6bb5\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u62f7\u8d1d\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u7ec4\u5408\u3002\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u505c\u6b62\u5bc6\u7801\u5b50\u4e0ecox3\u7684mRNA\u7684\u8f6c\u7ed3\u5408\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u57fa\u56e0\u7684\u5927\u91cfRNA\u7f16\u8f91\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u53d8\u6362\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u672a\u77e5\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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